The role of palliative care in enhancing the quality of life for patients with gynecologic cancers: A literature review Gynecologic Cancers: A Literature Review

Abstract

Relevance: Gynecologic cancers are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Palliative care aims to enhance patients' quality of life by managing symptoms and offering psychological, social, and spiritual support. Despite the acknowledged importance of palliative care, certain countries, including Kazakhstan, face substantial barriers due to limited access to these services, a shortage of specialists, and low public awareness.

This study aimed to systematically analyze recent research on palliative care for gynecological cancers, focusing on its role in improving patient quality of life, identifying current barriers, and exploring opportunities to apply international healthcare strategies in Kazakhstan.

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, as well as international WHO reports, for the period 2015–2025. Thirty-two relevant scientific articles were selected and analyzed, including studies on the integration of palliative care, service delivery models, and barriers and opportunities for improving palliative care.

Results: A systematic literature review revealed that early integration of palliative care into the treatment of female patients with gynecological oncological diseases promotes improved symptom control (pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety), increases treatment satisfaction, and enhances psychosocial adaptation. Barriers to providing palliative care were identified in resource-constrained countries, including Kazakhstan.

Conclusion: Palliative care plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life of patients with gynecological cancer. To enhance the accessibility and effectiveness of palliative care, particularly in resource-limited countries, a comprehensive strategy is necessary, encompassing the development of infrastructure, training of healthcare professionals, increased public awareness, and the adaptation of models of care delivery.