EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN THE KARAGANDA REGION

Abstract

Relevance: The article examines the epidemiological features of breast cancer among women of childbearing age (15-49 years). Over the past decade, the incidence of breast cancer in women of reproductive age has been steadily increasing. Awareness of prevention is the first and most important step in reducing mortality from breast cancer. Breast cancer, especially among women of childbearing age, is a major public health problem worldwide and is currently the most common cancer among women. 

The study aimed to analyze the level and structure of breast cancer incidence among women of childbearing age in the Karaganda region (Kazakhstan) in 2013-2023. 

Methods: A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the long-term dynamics of cardiovascular disease incidence among women of reproductive age in the Karaganda region for 2013-2023 was conducted. Statistical data on cardiovascular disease incidence in the Karaganda region for 2013-2023 are provided in terms of age, mortality and mortality rates. The data are taken from the statistical collections “Health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the activities of health care organizations for 2013-2023.” 

Results: Between 2013 and 2023, breast cancer incidence rates in the Karaganda region fluctuated, with ups and downs. Every year, breast cancer incidence among urban residents was higher than among rural residents. In recent years, the incidence of stage IV breast cancer has decreased significantly. The region’s mortality rate decreased steadily between 2013 and 2023. The correlation coefficient (r = 0.93) indicates a very strong positive linear connection between the number of reported breast cancer cases and the patients’ age. 

Conclusion: The average annual rate increase in breast cancer incidence remains stable. In general, breast cancer incidence in urban areas is around 1.3-1.6 times higher than in rural areas. As the proportion of early diagnosis increases, the mortality from breast cancer decreases considerably. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving survival and reducing mortality from this disease, as evidenced by a significant decline in this indicator t = 3.12, p < 0.01.